# Laravel Coding Standards for Copilot (With Examples)
## Version 1.0

This document defines the official Laravel coding standards enforced by Copilot for writing clean, secure, readable, and optimized code.

---

# 1. General Coding Rules

- Follow PSR-12 formatting.
- Use camelCase for variables & methods.
- Use PascalCase for classes.
- Use snake_case for database columns and tables.
- Limit functions to a clear, single responsibility.

### Example
```php
class UserProfileService 
{
    public function getFullName(User $user): string
    {
        return "{$user->first_name} {$user->last_name}";
    }
}
```

---

# 2. Controller Standards

- Must remain thin.
- Use FormRequest for validation.
- Wrap logic in try/catch.
- Return standardized JSON responses.
- Use correct HTTP status codes.

### Example
```php
class UserController extends Controller
{
    use ApiResponseTrait;

    public function update(UpdateUserRequest $request, User $user)
    {
        try {
            $updated = $this->service->updateProfile($user, $request->validated());
            return $this->success($updated, 'Profile updated', 200);
        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
            Log::error('Update failed: '.$e->getMessage());
            return $this->error('Unable to update profile', 500);
        }
    }
}
```

---

# 3. FormRequest Validation

- All inputs must be validated.
- No inline validator inside controllers.

### Example
```php
class UpdateUserRequest extends FormRequest
{
    public function rules(): array
    {
        return [
            'first_name' => 'required|string|max:150',
            'last_name' => 'required|string|max:150',
            'phone' => 'nullable|digits_between:10,12'
        ];
    }
}
```

---

# 4. Service Layer Standards

- Wrap heavy logic in try/catch.
- Log exceptions.
- Use DB transactions for multi-step operations.
- Use optimized Eloquent queries.

### Example
```php
class UserProfileService
{
    public function updateProfile(User $user, array $data)
    {
        try {
            return DB::transaction(function () use ($user, $data) {
                $user->update($data);
                return $user->fresh();
            });
        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
            Log::error('Service error: '.$e->getMessage());
            throw $e;
        }
    }
}
```

---

# 5. Models

- Use fillable/guarded.
- Use casts.
- Use accessors/mutators where needed.
- Use query scopes.

### Example
```php
class User extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['first_name','last_name','email','phone'];

    protected $casts = [
        'is_active' => 'boolean',
        'email_verified_at' => 'datetime'
    ];

    public function scopeActive($query)
    {
        return $query->where('is_active', true);
    }
}
```

---

# 6. API Response Formatting

Use a shared trait.

### Example
```php
trait ApiResponseTrait
{
    protected function success($data = null, $message = 'Success', $code = 200)
    {
        return response()->json([
            'status' => true,
            'message' => $message,
            'data' => $data
        ], $code);
    }

    protected function error($message = 'Error', $code = 500)
    {
        return response()->json([
            'status' => false,
            'message' => $message
        ], $code);
    }
}
```

---

# 7. Jobs & Queue Standards

- Heavy tasks must be queued.
- Wrap in try/catch.

### Example
```php
class SendReportJob implements ShouldQueue
{
    public function handle()
    {
        try {
            // generate report
        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
            Log::error('Report job failed: ' . $e->getMessage());
        }
    }
}
```

---

# 8. Linting (Pint)

### Install
```
composer require laravel/pint --dev
```

### Run
```
./vendor/bin/pint
```

---

# 9. Static Analysis (PHPStan)

### Install
```
composer require --dev phpstan/phpstan
```

### Run
```
vendor/bin/phpstan analyse
```

---

# 10. OpenTelemetry (Monitoring & Logs)

### Install
```
composer require open-telemetry/opentelemetry-laravel
```

### Publish
```
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="OpenTelemetry\Laravel\ServiceProvider"
```

### Enable auto-instrumentation
```
php artisan otel:install
```

---

# Final Notes
This standard ensures Copilot always writes clean, secure, maintainable, and production-ready Laravel code.